Friday, October 10, 2008

Mid-term Writing Test

Part A
1. What is Louise Mallard’s opinion of marriage? Indicate the paragraph that suggests it?

In the twelfth paragraph, Louise claims that she would no longer have to sacrifice herself for her husband. She clarifies her view of marriage as a power game of one imposing his will on the other.

2. How does she feel about her future as a widow? Cite the line in the text, using just the first few words, then a series of dots …?

There would be no one to live for… She is obviously choked about her husband’s death; however she is considering her future life as a widow with a rather positive outlook. She realizes that she can now have a life of her own: no one to live for but herself.

3. Why is there so much description of what is outside the window when Louise is alone in her room?

Death and grief, sorrow and pain—all could be considered as themes of this short story. By describing what is happening outside, the author is showing what is really happening inside of Louise: She is awakening to life.

4. Why did the author make the story so short?

The title explains itself: it is the story of an hour. The author was trying to illustrate how drastically a situation can change in short period of time. By making the story so short, he adds emphasis to that matter.

Part B
The Story of an Hour tells the story of a cardiac woman who learns that her husband has died. In this short story, our protagonist, Louise Mallard undergoes a series of emotional variations: she starts with sadness and desperation to end up with a sort of genuine happiness, before dying in an unstated, contradictory emotion. It is quite clear that one of the main themes of this story is women’s independence in marriage. In her description and discovery of widowhood, Mrs. Mallard shows us just how unsatisfactory was the married life in that time.


Women’s independence is not portrayed as the first feature of the story; it is more or less the solution to the situation which confronts us. It is not glorified by the story, but implicitly indicated in the criticism of marriage the author establishes: One cannot live happy in marriage if not living for herself in total freedom of the imposed will of the partner. Louise is of course shocked by her husband’s death; however, as the story unravels, she considers widowhood as more of a blessing than a sorrow. We realize that when she leaves her room in triumph and pride, glory and dignity. It is, however, when Brently Mallard, Louise’s husband, comes into the room, that the message is even clearer; Louise dies of heart diseases, one may say out of shock, I suggest out of disappointment. Indeed, the story takes an ironical turn when Brently, whom was thought dead, comes in. In the beginning of the story, Louise’s sister and Richard’ a friend of her husband breakdown the news to her so carefully, concerned about her heart condition. As Mrs. Mallard embraces her faith as a widow, sees it like a breath of fresh air, a new era, a great deliverance, the sight of her live husband chocks her even more: chocks her to death. The author’s point of view of marriage in those times is interesting. Prison, moral obligation, blind power game—each a negative element of marriage the author is depicting in the thoughts of her protagonist. By making her character fulfilled in grief, she shows us the idiocy in the marriage institution and its sexist approach to life.

I believe the message of the story, even if somehow a bit old-fashioned, is interesting and can be transposed to many aspects of today’s society. Old-fashioned because we do not see marriage in the same grotesque and sexist as it is described here. Women and men are, in most western communities, equal. The story in its all is stylishly written and touching and enjoyable.
431 words

Friday, October 3, 2008

Hills like white elephants

  • Short story by Ernest Hemingway, Published in 1927, in the collection Men without Women.
  • Often studied in literature classes for its brief but rich and powerful content.
  • Iceberg theory. Minimalist style.
  • The story of a hedonistic couple waiting for a train somewhere in Spain, drinking alcohol and debating on some sort of operation.

  • Recurring theme:
  1. Alcohol. Jig tries a new drink, could symbolize her interest in doing something new, new experiences, new relationship.
  2. Abortion: although implicit, really important theme
  3. Relationship: distance between the characters.
  • Symbolism
  1. Jig: Slang for sex.
  2. Hills like white elephants: refers to the abortion for the woman, and the baby for the man. Something not worth the trouble.
  3. Two: bags, drinks, pens, tracks, pads, people… 3 is a crowd.
  4. A hedonist couple: that the couple has—or uses to have hedonistic values and that it no longer satisfies Jig as she claims that everything new she tries and dreamt of trying tastes like licorice.

Cat on a hot tin roof

SETTING
1) Where and when does the story take place?


CHARACTERIZATION
1) Who are the characters?

2) What is their relationship?

DRAMATIC CONTEXT
1) What is the mood of the scene?

PLOT DIALOGUE
1) What and whom are they talking about?


CONTEXT: WRITE SHORT ANSWER

What kind of family did Tennessee Williams (TW) have?

Where does his first name come from?

What is the Pulitzer Prize?

How was the original play changed for both Broadway and the cinema?

How did TW die?

What was the new American drama that TW represented?

Character List: Write down all the adjectives used to describe each character. Find the definition of the words you don’t know.
Margaret:
Brick:
Big Daddy:
Big Mama:
Mae:
Gooper:
Reverend Tucker:
Doctor Baugh:
The children:

Analysis of Major Characters:

Why is Maggie the most interesting character?

What does Brick’s injury represent?

Why does Maggie call Big Daddy a “redneck’?

What does Mama desperately want?

Themes, Motifs, and Symbols:

What was American society’s view of homosexuality at the time?

What are the two “lies” in the play?

What does the image of the “cat” represent?

What is Big Daddy’s narcissistic love for Brick?

What do the children represent?


POST VIEWING ACTIVITIES

1. Cat Quiz: How’s your memory?
1. What is Gooper's occupation?
(A) He is a planter
(B) He is a defense attorney
(C) He is a corporate lawyer
(D) He is a sports annoucer

2. What is the name of Skipper and Brick's pro football team?
(A) The Dixie Chicks
(B) The Dixie Stars
(C) The Dixie Stripes
(D) The Dixie Cups

3. What happened to Big Daddy in Morocco?
(A) He was propositioned by a rent-boy
(B) He was fed to a man-eating plant
(C) He was eaten alive by a mob of street children
(D) He was propositioned by a child prostitute

4. What body part do Mae's children apparently lack?
(A) Chins
(B) Eyes
(C) Necks
(D) Legs

5. What did Maggie buy Big Daddy for his birthday?
(A) A clock
(B) A chandelier
(C) A tie
(D) A robe

6. Who is described as a cat at some point in the play?
(A) Maggie
(B) Mae
(C) Brick
(D) All of the above

7. Daddy believes that he suffers from which of the following?
(A) A ruptured spleen
(B) A spastic colon
(C) Appendicitis
(D) Liver failure

8. What is the ostensible object of Brick's disgust?
(A) Mendacity
(B) Time
(C) Women
(D) Children

9. Where did Maggie and Brick go to school?
(A) Emory
(B) Old Miss
(C) Duke
(D) Notre Dame

10. How old is Big Daddy?
(A) Seventy-five
(B) Fifty-five
(C) Seventy
(D) Sixty-five

11. Who was a cotton carnival queen?
(A) Maggie
(B) Big Mama
(C) Miss Sally
(D) Mae

12. What do the children sing to Big Daddy?
(A) Skinamarinka-dinka-dink
(B) My Heart Belongs to Daddy
(C) For He's a Jolly Good Fellow
(D) Yesterday Once More

13. What is Big Daddy's trademark word?
(A) Goddamn
(B) Shoot
(C) Darn
(D) Crap

14. What is Big Mama's name?
(A) Polly
(B) Cornelia
(C) Sally
(D) Ida

15. What were the names of the plantation's previous owners?
(A) Straw and Othello
(B) Straw and Ochello
(C) Ochello and Sawyer
(D) Othello and Sawyer

16. How many official versions of Cat are in circulation?
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) One

17. Who directed the premiere of Cat?
(A) Burl Ives
(B) Richard Brooks
(C) Elia Kazan
(D) Madeleine Sherwood

18. When did Brick start drinking?
(A) When Skipper died
(B) When Maggie slept with Skipper
(C) When he injured his back
(D) When Big Daddy got sick

19. Who confronted Skipper on his love for Brick?
(A) Brick
(B) Big Daddy
(C) Gooper
(D) Maggie

20. Who revealed this love to Brick?
(A) Maggie
(B) Big Daddy
(C) Skipper
(D) Mae

21. How does Maggie get Brick to sleep with her?
(A) Big Mama convinces Brick to impregnate her
(B) Big Daddy commands Brick to do so
(C) She locks up his liquor
(D) She tricks him into thinking she is Skipper

22. Who tells Big Daddy that he is dying?
(A) Gooper
(B) Big Mama
(C) Brick
(D) Maggie

23.Who does Big Mama jostle in her lap?
(A) Big Daddy
(B) Mae
(C) Doctor Baugh
(D) Reverend Tooker

24. Who keeps calling from Memphis?
(A) Cornelia
(B) Sally
(C) Gladys
(D) Dixie

25. Who sleeps next to Maggie and Brick's room?
(A) Big Daddy and Big Mama
(B) Mae and Gooper
(C) Mae and Gooper's children
(D) The servants